Medium-Scale Traveling Ionospheric Disturbances Observed by Detrended Total Electron Content Maps Over Brazil

Detection and Modeling of Medium-Scale Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances in Iran Region

Ionosphere layer variations are divided into regular and irregular. Regular changes can be considered as daily changes, changes depending on latitude and changes due to solar activity. Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances (TID) is one of the irregular changes of ionosphere which categorized in small, medium and large scales. Medium-scale Travelling Ionospheric Disturbance (MSTID) which are propa...

New approaches in Medium Scale Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances modelling

The Medium Scale Travelling Ionospheric Disturbances (MSTIDs) are the most frequent wave signatures in the ionosphere, with amplitudes up to several TECUs, periods from several hundreds to one-two thousands of seconds, and propagation velocities from 50 to +300 m/s, mainly equator-eastward in winter/fall seasons, and westward in summer/spring seasons (M. Hernandez-Pajares et al., Radio Science,...

Ionospheric total electron content variations observed before earthquakes: Possible physical mechanism and modeling

The GPS derived TEC disturbances before earthquakes were discovered in the last years using global and regional TEC maps, TEC measurements over individual stations as well as measurements along individual GPS satellite passes. For strong mid-latitudinal earthquakes the seismo-ionospheric anomalies look like local TEC enhancements or decreases located in the vicinity of the forthcoming earthquak...

Features of annual and semiannual variations derived from the global ionospheric maps of total electron content

In the present work we use the NASA-JPL global ionospheric maps of total electron content (TEC), firstly to construct TEC maps (TEC vs. magnetic local time MLT, and magnetic latitude MLAT) in the interval from 1999 to 2005. These TEC maps were, in turn, used to estimate the annualto-mean amplitude ratio, A1, and the semiannual-to-mean amplitude ratio, A2, as well as the latitudinal symmetrical ...

Ionospheric disturbances observed by the PALSAR onboard ALOS satellite